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India Tourism - Temples |
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Shri Mahavirji
Sri Hemkunt Sahib
Varanasi
Vaishno Devi
Tirupati
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Sabarimala
Meenakshi Temple
Golden Temple
Basilica of Bom Jesus
Ajmer Sharif
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Shri
Mahavirji
Among the holiest of Jain shrines is the temple of Sri Mahavirji near
Sawai Madhopur in Rajasthan. Situated in the village of Chandanpur, on
the bank of the Gambhir river, Sri Mahavirji attracts thousands of
devotees every year. People come, from across India- and even abroad-
to worship, to offer prayers and to seek blessings.
The legend behind the construction of this temple is rather quaint; it
is believed that a local milkman observed that his cow, after a long
day’s grazing, would return in the evening with her udders empty.
Obviously puzzled, the man followed the cow, and discovered that the
creature would stand atop a nearby hillock and allow all her milk to
flow away on it.
A little bit of digging by the milkman revealed an idol of Mahavirji
buried in the hillock. A temple was built to mark the spot and it is
still, centuries later, an important center of pilgrimage for devout
Jains.
The temple, which is dedicated to the 24th Tirthankar, Sri Digamber
Jain Mahavirji, is made from white marble and red sandstone. It
consists of a large complex of small temples, the main temple being
decorated with a series of pillared niches containing idols of the
Jain saints. Within the complex is a towering 32 ft high statue of the
saint Shantinath. The bustle and fervour at Sri Mahavirji reaches its
peak during March and April, when an annual fair is held at the
temple. The fair includes a ritual immersion of the sacred idol in the
Gambhir river, as well as other festivities and ceremonies.
When to go
The period between Chaitra (March-April) and Vaishakh (April-May) is
when the Sri Mahavirji annual fair is held. It’s an occasion for great
rejoicing, and definitely the best time to visit the shrine. If you
can’t make it during Chaitra or Vaishakh, try and time your visit for
the winter. Summers can be unbearably hot in Rajasthan, and it’s
really not advisable, no matter how devout you may be, to go
travelling at this time.
Getting There
The nearest railway station is that of Mahavirji (Chandanpur), 7 km
from the temple. The station, which is 175 km from the state capital
at Jaipur, lies on the main Delhi-Mumbai line. There are frequent
trains from both metro cities. From the Mahavirji station, buses (free
of charge for all pilgrims) go to the temple and back.
Regular buses connect Mahavirji to Sawai Madhopur,
Kota, Jaipur, Delhi, Gwalior, Meerut and other major cities in north
India. Alternately, private cars and taxis can be hired from Jaipur,
Delhi or Agra.
Accommodation
Accommodation at Sri Mahavirji is provided by the temple trust. It’s
very basic accommodation, but clean and comfortable. Rooms cost
between Rs 10 and Rs 100 a night; food is also relatively inexpensive.
Sawai Madhopur (which is 110 km from the temple) and Jaipur (175 km
away) offer a much wider range of accommodation facilities, and are
close enough for you to make a day trip to Sri Mahavirji from either
of these cities.
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Sri
Hemkunt Sahib
Set amidst towering snow-capped mountains and lying beside a lake of
pristine blue water, the Sikh shrine of Sri Hemkunt Sahib looks, even
to the not-particularly-pious, a place of almost unbelievable beauty
and peace. Seven peaks - known as the Sapt Sring- surround the shrine,
looming over lush green pastures. The lake’s rocky shores are covered
with snow through most of the year, but when the snows melt, the
almost mythical yellow-green flower known as the Brahma Kamal, the
`Lotus of the Gods’, blooms amidst the rocks. It’s a place of a rather
wild and untamed beauty- and one of Sikhism’s most important shrines.
The tenth and penultimate guru of the Sikhs, Guru
Gobind Singh, meditated for years in these mountains, finally leaving
his earthly form and uniting with the Almighty. The star-shaped
Gurudwara Hemkunt Sahib, at a height of over 4,000 mt, is as such, a
memorial to Guru Gobind Singh and a reminder of the saint’s mission.
Every year, during the summer months, thousands of
Sikh devotees from across India and overseas complete the arduous trek
up to Sri Hemkunt Sahib. As a daily ritual, two congregational services
are held at Gurudwara Hemkunt Sahib, one at 10 am and the other at 1 pm.
Kirtan (hymns), ardas (prayer) and the daily hukamnama (the verse which
appears at the top of the page of the Guru Granth Sahib, when randomly
opened by the granthi, and understood as God’s commandment for the day)
are integral parts of the service. Pilgrims to the shrine join in, after
having taken a dip in the holy waters of the lake. The water of the
lake- known as Amrit Sarovar- is ice cold, but doesn’t daunt the devout.
Much of the Sarovar, in fact, remains frozen till mid June.
Also next to the lake, and not too far from the
Gurudwara, is a Hindu temple of considerable significance. The lake,
which is known also as `Lokpal’, is believed to have been the place
where Lakshman, the brother of Ram, meditated. Other myths connect the
lake to the Hindu deities Vishnu and Shiva. The temple is an important
Hindu shrine, but a number of Sikh pilgrims also visit it while
returning from Hemkunt Sahib.
When to go
Sri Hemkunt Sahib is accessible only in the summer, between June and
October. The rest of the year, heavy snows make passage impossible, and
usually block off the trail leading up to the shrine.
Getting There
The town of Joshimath, only about 40 km from Hemkunt Sahib, is the most
suitable roadhead for a pilgrimage to Hemkunt Sahib.The nearest
railheads are Haridwar and Dehra Dun, both towns being a distance of
around 270 kms from Joshimath.From any of the two towns you will be able
to get a bus or hire a taxi to Joshimath.
From Joshimath, buses or hired taxis take pilgrims 20
km further to Gobindghat, the base camp for the trek to both the Valley
of Flowers as well as Hemkunt Sahib. Hemkunt Sahib is 20 km trek from
Gobindghat. Mules and sedan chairs can be hired at Gobindghat by those
who can’t walk all the way to the shrine.
The trek to the shrine starts a little beyond
Gobindghat. Devotees have to cross the Vishnuganga River and trek up to
the Bhyundar Valley till they reach Ghangharia, known to the Sikhs as
Gobind Dham. Ghangharia, which is at the confluence of the Pushpavati
and the Lakshman Ganga rivers, is the last base before the steep 6 km
climb to Hemkunt Sahib. Most pilgrims stay overnight at Ghangharia
before starting on the last leg of the trek. Pilgrims usually begin
early in the morning- well before sunrise- in order to complete the
circuit to Hemkunt Sahib and back before evening.
Accommodation
There are state-run tourist resthouses at Joshimath and Ghangharia (Gobind
Dham), but pilgrims to Hemkunt Sahib usually prefer to stay at the
Hemkunt Sahib Trust’s resthouses along the way. These are situated at
Haridwar, Rishikesh, Srinagar and Joshimath, and all offer clean
accommodation and basic food, free of charge.
Facilities at Hemkunt Sahib are very limited- about
the only thing the gurudwara can offer pilgrims is hot glasses of tea, a
fire where cold hands can be thawed, and parshad, which is distributed
at the end of each ardas. Only the granthis and the sevadars who work at
the shrine are allowed to stay there for the night; all pilgrims are
expected to go back to Ghangharia before nightfall.
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Varanasi
Tonsured heads,
chillum-smoking sadhus, the chanting of mantras and cremation grounds
where the fire never dies down. This is Varanasi - the holiest of Indian
cities. Also known as Kashi or the "city of light", the abode of Lord
Shiva where, according to Hindu religious legends, the first rays of
light fell after creation. Here the Hindu world converges to partake in
an endless cycle of birth, death. life and salvation.
Attracting over a million pilgrims every
year, the city lives and breathes traditional Hindu religion and
culture. What Varanasi offers is life itself, in myriad hues like the
changing face of its ghats (river landings) with shifting rays of light.
The numerous ghats along the Ganga, the narrow alleys and streets with a
mixture of rickshaws, cycles, autorickshaws, pedestrians and even cattle
and the religious shrines all form a bizarre circus. The devout come to
die here, but it is also an amazingly lively place. Famed for its
religious fervour as much as its thugs (tricksters), Varanasi is also
the place that has evoked some of the most creative processes in
philosophy- religion, the arts and craftsmanship.
Getting there
Varanasi is connected by air with major cities like Delhi,
Agra, Khajuraho, Calcutta, Mumbai, Lucknow and Bhubaneshwar. The
Babatpur airport, at a distance of 22 kms from the city, is linked by a
shuttle bus service that takes passengers up to the Cantonment;
alternatively, you can hire a taxi.
Varanasi’s main railway station is the junction
station near the cantonment area. It is about 3 kms away from the old
city centre and can be accessed on autorickshaws or cycle rickshaws. The
other major rail station is at Mughal Sarai, 16 kms from Varanasi. Some
of the major trains connecting to Calcutta, Guwahati and other places
stop only at Mughal Sarai. Buses and taxis ply regularly between Mughal
Sarai and Varanasi.
In addition, buses connect the city to
Gorakhpur, Gaya, Allahabad, Lucknow, Delhi, Khajuraho and to Nepal. Most
buses terminate a short distance from the junction station, and some at
the cantonment bus station.In addition, buses connect the city to
Gorakhpur, Gaya, Allahabad, Lucknow, Delhi, Khajuraho and to Nepal. Most
buses terminate a short distance from the junction station, and some at
the cantonment bus station.
Getting Around
Varanasi has a local (though overcrowded) bus network. Cycles
and motorcycles are available for hire near Hotel Hindustan
International at Maldahiya. The best way to move around the city is to
hire the fixed fare autorickshaws or cycle rickshaws. They are not
allowed inside the old city lanes, but will drop you at Dashashwamedha
Ghat or to Godaulia in the centre of the city. Fares should be
negotiated beforehand, cycle-rickshaws costing about Rs. 100 for a day.
Unmetered taxis are also available.
Private, chauffeur-driven cars can be rented from travel agents and
hotels. One of the best ways of viewing the ghats of Varanasi and
getting into the spirit of the city is to take an early morning boat
ride. Boats are available at the Dashashwamedha Ghat; a ferry crossing
to the eastern side of the Ganga costs about Rs 3 per person.
When to Go
The best season to visit Varanasi and its temples is between
October and March. Some of the major festivals and cultural events also
take place in this period.
The Ghats and Temples of Varanasi
The city of Varanasi revolves around its over one hundred Ghats (river
landings). They inculcate the ethos of this ancient city, changing faces
with the varying light throughout the day. The river Ganga flows from
north to south, and the city forms a circular shape from the Asi Ghat in
the south up to the confluence of the Varuna river with the Ganga.
Thousands of pilgrims come to bathe and worship in the river at the
first light of dawn.
Most of the ancient temples and
structures along the ghats have been destroyed. What remain are mainly
18th and 19th century buildings. A very important pilgrimage for the
devout is the Panchatirtha Yatra, covering the 5 important ghats of Asi,
Dashashwamedha, Adi Keshava, Panchganga and Manikarnika. The Panchkosi
road, beginning from the Asi ghat and ending at the Manikarnika ghat
denotes the sacred area of Kashi. A tour around this 58 kms route takes
about 6 days on foot. Each of the important ghats have a lingam (phallic
symbol of lord Shiva) which is venerated by the devout.
The Asi River meets the Ganga at Asi Ghat.
There is a lingam under a peepal tree and a marble temple of
Asisangameshwara (lord of the confluence of Asi). An ancient tank
dedicated to sun worship, the Lolarka Kund (pool) lies 15 metres below
the ground and is approached by a steep flight of steps. The Tulsi ghat,
dedicated to the 16th century poet saint Tulsidas is crumbling. Further
north is the Harishchandra ghat, one of the two important cremation
grounds in Varanasi. Named after the king Harishchandra, it is
considered the most sacred cremation ground.
The Kedar ghat has links with the
Kedarnath shrine located in the upper reaches of the Himalayas. The
dhobi ghat is a washerman’s area, while the Chausathi (64) ghat has a
shrine dedicated to Chausath Yoginis, the multiple manifestations of the
female force Durga.
The Dashashwamedha ghat is the busiest
bathing ghat in Varanasi. The ancient king Divodasa was said to have
performed the Dashashwamedha Yajnya (ten horse sacrifice) here. This
pleased Brahma, the creator, so much that he established the
Brahmeshwara lingam. Boats can be hired at this ghat for a tour of the
riverfront. It is also the most popular site for Hindus to perform
ancestor worship rituals, and the entire ghat is lined with umbrella
covered stalls where Brahmin priests undertake pujas (worship).
The Man Mandir ghat, built in 1600 by
Maharaja Man Singh of Amer, has a very interesting observatory. Built in
1710 by the kings of Jaipur, it is similar to the ones in Jaipur and
Delhi. There are numerous instruments used for astronomical calculations
and is open to visitors from 09:30 am till 05:30 pm. The Dom Raja’s
house is next door, with painted tigers flanking the terrace. Doms are
the untouchables, who handle the corpses at cremation grounds. Though
the Doms belong to a lower caste, their services are invaluable for the
dead to be released from their physical bonds and so the leader of the
doms is given the title of `Raja’ or king.
The Mir Ghat has a shrine to Vishalakshi
(the wide-eyed goddess). It is one of the 52 pithas (pilgrimages) where
the body parts of Shakti landed after a distraught Shiva performed his
dance of destruction or tandava. The Lalita Ghat is well known for its
Nepali style temple with an idol of Pashupateshwara. This ghat also has
a temple dedicated to the river Ganga.
The Manikarnika Ghat is the other
cremation ground, which is more popularly used by the people. Since
Shiva is said to have resided in Varanasi, the entire holy area is
considered Mahashmashana (great cremation ground). It is said that the
funeral fires never die at the Manikarnika ghat. The Manikarnika kund
(tank) is said to predate the arrival of the Ganga, which came down to
earth to purify humans.
The Scindhia Ghat was built in such grand
style that parts of it collapsed and went under the river. The Alamgir
mosque, popularly known as Beni-madhav-ka-dera dominates the Panchganga
Ghat. The mosque stands on the ruins of the Bindu Madhava temple,
dedicated to Vishnu, which was destroyed by Aurangzeb. The Adi Keshava
ghat on the outskirts of the city is the point where the river Varuna
meets the Ganga. The ghat is completely submerged during rains. This is
the original site of the city, where Vishnu is believed to have landed
as an emissary of lord Shiva.
The old city, from Dashashwamedha Ghat
and Godaulia in the south to the Manikarnika Ghat in the North is known
as the Vishwanatha Khanda. It is a maze of narrow lanes and by-lanes,
the focal point of which is the Vishwanath temple, with one of India’s
most important lingams or Shaivite shrines. The original temple is said
to have been over 1000 years old. The temple is closed to non-Hindus,
but can be viewed from shops across the road. The Gyan Vapi tank
enclosed in a hall is said to contain the original shivalingam. Pilgrims
offer prayers here before embarking on the Panchatirtha.
Next to the Vishwanath temple is the
Annapurna temple, built in the 18th century by Peshwa Baji Rao I. The
idol of Annapurna Bhavani (the provider of food), a benevolent form of
Shakti, is made in solid gold and carries a cooking pot. There is also a
striking silver-faced image of Shani (Saturn) within the temple. Shani
is feared for his destructive powers and is propitiated to prevent any
ill befalling the devout.
The Bharat Mata temple north-west of
Godaulia is a modern shrine, inaugurated by Mahatma Gandhi. It has a
huge relief map of the Indian sub-continent showing all its rivers,
mountains and pilgrimages. The 19th century Durga temple, 4 kms from
Godaulia, is also popularly known as the ‘monkey temple’ because of an
overwhelming presence of the primates. The idol of Durga, a
manifestation of Shakti, is dressed in red and rides a tiger with the
trident, the discus and a sword in her hands. The temple courtyard has a
forked stake for sacrificing goats, and non-Hindus are allowed only up
to this point.
The Tulsi Manas temple, though, is open
to all communities. Its white marble walls have the verses of Tulsidas’
Ramcharitmanas inscribed on them.
Accommodation and other facilities
Varanasi offers a wide choice of upper-bracket hotels around the
cantonment area and budget hotels in the old city. There also mid range
hotels available here. In short, there are hotels to suit all budgets.
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Vaishno Devi
Nestling on top of the Trikuta Hills
at a height of 1,700 mt is the sacred cave shrine of Vaishno
Devi, the mother goddess. At a distance of 61 kms from Jammu,
the cave is 30 metres long and just one-and-a half mt high. At
the end of the cave are shrines dedicated to the three forms of
the mother goddess – Mahakali, Mahalakshmi and Mahasarasvati.
Pilgrims have to enter in small groups through a narrow opening
and walk through ice-cold waters to reach the shrines. According
to legend, the mother goddess hid in the cave while escaping a
demon, whom she ultimately killed.
The shrine of Vaishno Devi is
approached through Katra, which lies 13 km from the shrine and
is the base for the pilgrimage. From Katra, pilgrims climb one
km to Banganga, where the goddess is believed to have stopped to
drink water; six km further is the cave shrine of Ardhkunwari,
where it is believed she meditated for nine months.
The last halt before the actual
shrine is the Bhawan, where there are arrangements for wash-
and- change, accommodation and for depositing luggage and
valuables.
Entry
For entry into the shrine, devotees need to get a Yatra slip
issued by the Shrine Board at Katra. The Shrine Board operates a
Tourism Reception Centre at the Katra bus stand, from where the
slip can be obtained; it’s free of charge. The slip must be
presented at the Banganga checkpost within 6 hours of being
issued. Furthermore, when you reach the Bhawan, just below the
shrine, you’ll need to present the slip in order to be assigned
a place in the queue of devotees waiting to go up to the shrine.
Getting there
The airport closest to the Vaishno Devi shrine is at Jammu.
Jammu is an important transit hub, well connected to the rest of
the country through air, train and road links. Indian Airlines
and Jet Airways operate regular flights to Jammu from Srinagar
and Delhi; Indian Airlines also has two flights weekly from Leh
to Jammu. A large number of trains link Jammu to major Indian
cities, including Delhi, Kolkata, Chennai, Bhopal, Mumbai, and
Hyderabad. Similarly, an extensive network of roads links Jammu
to other parts of the country.
For pilgrims headed for the
shrine, the base for the trek up to Vaishno Devi is Katra, 50 km
from Jammu. Katra is connected to Jammu by National Highway 1A);
regular buses and taxis are available for Katra from Jammu
Airport, from the Railway station and from the General Bus Stand
in Jammu. Buses leave the bus stand every 15 minutes for the
shrine; bus services operate from 6 am to 8 pm.
From Katra, the shrine is a 13 km
trek up a mountain; the climb can be done on foot or by using
ponies and dandies (local palanquins).
When to go
The main season for visiting the shrine is from March till July.
The area’s very cold through most of the year, so this is the
best time to visit. Even during the summer, the temperature’s
not exactly high, so take along light woollens just in case it
gets cold.
Accommodation and other facilities
The most convenient place to stay is Jammu, just over 60 km
away. Jammu has a number of good hotels, guest houses and inns,
both private and government-owned. Katra itself has a number of
guesthouses where it is possible to get a room.
Along the 13 km climb from Katra to Vaishno
Devi are a number of shelters where pilgrims can rest for a
while. Ardhkunwari, Sanji Chhat (4.5 km short of the shrine),
and the Bhawan have accommodation, though limited. Accommodation
is always at a premium, so if you plan to stay overnight along
the route to Vaishno Devi, it’s essential to make reservations
beforehand.
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Tirupati
Tirumala Tirupati Devasthanam, or the abode of the Lord Tirupati,
is probably Hindu India’s most visited holy place. Situated in
Chittoor district (in southern Andhra Pradesh), the temple
stands amidst lush greenery atop a hill surrounded by
outcroppings of red rock. The sacred hill, with its summit of
seven peaks, has a number of temples, of which the main shrine
ranks as one of India's most revered.
At the bottom of the hill is the
town of Tirupati, known almost exclusively for its role as the
base camp for pilgrimages to the temple. Pilgrims from all
across India- and even abroad- come to Tirupati in thousands
every year to the temple, which is dedicated to Sri Venkateswara
- one of the incarnations of Vishnu.
Tirumala is one of the few
temples to allow non-Hindus into the sanctum sanctorum.
Remember, you have to leave your footwear behind at the stall
outside the temple compound. And, do not succumb to the
high-pressure tactics of ticket toting touts; get yours from the
temple’s official counter.
The temple houses a heavily
garlanded idol of Sri Venkateswara before whom one is allowed
only a few moments before the next enclosure load of visitors is
to be ushered in. In that time you’ll see the stupendously
opulent vimana covered in gold and finely sculpted columns. The
‘darshan’ is followed by a round of ‘prasad’, food that has been
blessed by the deity and must be received with both hands
cupped, right palm above the left one.
Tirupati receives a record number
of pilgrims everyday, more than any other holy city in the
world. These record crowds topple bigger records during the
festivals and on weekends. According to whether chaos is your
cup of tea or not, you can choose high-season weekends or
off-season weekdays.
When to go
Virtually any time of the year is a good time to visit Tirupati,
as the weather’s generally quite equable. The time around New
Year- usually between December 31 and January 2- is when
Tirupati gets very crowded, with thousands of pilgrims thronging
the temple. Festival time is a good time to be in Tirupati, as
you’ll get a chance to see all the ceremonies, the festivities
and the fanfare. Dasara, in particular, is really spectacular at
Tirupati.
Vaikunta Ekadasi is considered an
extremely auspicious day to visit Tirupati, as it is believed
that this is the day when the `Vaikunta Dwaram’- the door to
heaven- is open, and any pilgrim who comes to Tirupati on this
day will achieve salvation. The Vaikunta Ekadasi changes from
year to year, but usually occurs in early January.
Getting There
There is a small airport at Tirupati which receives flights from
Hyderabad, Tuesdays and Saturdays. There are train connections
from many places in the region and even twice weekly connections
to Mumbai. There are a lot of bus connections from within Andhra
Pradesh and from Tamil Nadu, including Bangalore, which is 265
km from Tirupati. Express buses are much faster than the
ordinary buses. Cabs are a comfortable road travel option though
somewhat expensive.
The few kilometres between
Tirupati and Tirumala are easily traversed by bus, auto rickshaw
or taxi, all readily available at Tirupati. Many devotees,
however, prefer to cover the journey on foot. The path leading
from Tirupati up to the temple begins at the Alipiri toll gate,
about 4 km from the local railway station. A 16 km long route,
the path takes 3 or 4 hours to traverse. All along the way are
small `mandapams', where the weary can rest. The steps leading
up to the temple are steep in places, but that hardly deters the
pious- and nor does the long queue snaking its way into the
shrine. People invariably stand for hours in line to be favoured
with a `darshan' of the Lord Venkateswara, and a regular
‘darshan’ takes longer to come by than a ‘special’ one. But
everybody has to line up and wait as the queue winds its way up
through a series of enclosures.
Accommodation
In Tirumala most people stay for free in the huge dormitories
around the temple. There are rooms in guesthouses and cottages
available on rent too at various rates offering various degrees
of comfort and luxury. All bookings have to be made with the
Central Reception Office of the TTD. Off-season you can reserve
up to a month in advance by sending them a letter and a draft
for Rs. 100.
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Sabarimala
The Hindu god Ayyappan is one of
southern India’s most revered deities. Known also as
Dharmasastha, Hariharan, Manikanta, Ayyanar and Bhoothnath,
Ayyapan is worshipped in a number of shrines across south India.
At Kulathupuzha, he is worshipped as a child; at Achankovil in
conjunction with his consorts, Pushkala and Poorna; and at
Sabarimala as an ascetic, a celibate meditating in solitude for
the benefit of all mankind.
Sabarimala lies in the Sahyadris-
the Western Ghats, in Kerala. Situated at a height of about
3,000 ft, the shrine is one of Hinduism’s most important
pilgrimage centers.
Every year, between November and
January, thousands of Hindu pilgrims converge on Sabarimala,
after a rigorous 41 days of abstinence and penance. Devotees,
each with a sacred irumudi- a cloth bag which contains pooja
items such as coconuts, dry fruit, sandalwood paste, turmeric
and the like, set off on the trek up to the shrine, chanting all
the way.
Sabarimala holds the rather
dubious distinction of being the only Hindu temple in India
where women are not allowed. A number of feminist organizations
have tried to persuade the Temple Board the revoke this age-old
tradition, but to no avail. Many reasons are cited by the board
in support of the decree; these include the 41-day penance
imposed on pilgrims, the arduous trek up to the shrine, and the
fact that the Ayyappan worshipped at Sabarimala is supposed to
be a celibate hermit. Be as it may, women- and girls- between
the ages of 10 and 50 cannot even enter the forest around
Sabarimala.
When to go
The pilgrimages to Sabarimala begin in November and last up to
January. This is when the temple is inundated with devotees from
all across India, and everything- from accommodation to flowers
and coconuts- is at a premium.
Throughout the year, monthly
poojas are held at the temple, usually within the first week of
each month. The shrine, therefore, is open only for the first
five days of every month and for the pilgrimage season, between
mid-November and mid-January.
Getting There
Kerala’s capital, Thiruvananthpuram, is the most convenient base
from which to get to Sabarimala. The airports closest to
Sabarimala are at Thiruvananthpuram (149 km from Erumeli) and
Ernakulam /Cochin ( 78 km). Both have frequent connections to
other major airports in India.
The nearest train stations are
Chengannur (62 km from Erumeli), Thiruvalla and Changanasseri.
From Thiruvananthpuram, Kottayam, Ernakulam or any of the other
railheads, you can get a bus to Chalakayam, Vandiperiyar or
Erumeli - the three starting points for the trek up to
Sabarimala.
The Chalakayam is the easiest and
the shortest route- it’s just 8 km from here to Sabarimala.
The Vandiperiyar route starts
along the Kottayam Kumili road, about 13kms short of Sabarimala.
Erumeli is the most popular
route, and it is believed that the god himself followed this
path to the summit of the hill. It’s also the most arduous, as
it’s all of 61 km long- and winds through forested hills. All
along the Erumeli Route are shrines, at Kalaketti,
Inchipparakota, Karimala and Pampa. The Pampa river is
considered as sacred as the Ganga, and devotees believe that a
dip in the river can wash away the sins of a lifetime.
From Pampa, the 6 km trek up to
the Sabarimala shrine culminates in the `18 steps’- the
Patinettampadi- a flight of steps which lead up to the shrine,
where pilgrims are rewarded with a darshan of the deity.
Accommodation
All along the route to Sabarimala are a range of accommodation
facilities, both operated by the Travancore Devaswom Board as
well as state-run. The PWD, the Forest Department, the Water
Authority and a few other government departments have
guesthouses, but nearly all are off-limits to anybody who
doesn’t qualify as a `VIP’. Most pilgrims end up staying at the
guesthouses of the Travancore Devaswom Board, at Pampa and
Sannidhanam. Room tariffs are between Rs 100 to 600 per night;
accommodation can be booked by writing to the Devaswom
Commissioner, Travancore Devaswom Board, Nathankode,
Thiruvananthpuram, Kerala. It’s essential to book rooms in
advance, especially at the time of the annual pilgrimage.
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Meenakshi Temple
Maura
is called the `Athens of the East’ because of the way myth meets life
here. Legends of warrior princesses, the gods falling in love and divine
promises abound. Originally called Madhurapuram because honey (madhu) is
said to have dripped off the locks of Shiva here, Madurai is now the
second largest city in Tamil Nadu. Always an important city politically,
it is now among the most important pilgrimages for Hindus.
The chief attraction at Madurai is the
imposing Meenakshi temple, which was built mainly by the Nayaks. The
Pandyas originally built the Meenakshi Temple but little had survived
when Tirumalai Nayak restored it to its old glory.
The grand gopurams of the Meenakshi Sundareshwar
Temple tower over the city at the heart of which they stand. The temple
complex covers 6 hectares right in the middle of the city and is flush
with visitors from all over, each and every day. The towers that loom
overhead are famous for detailed carvings of the gods and goddesses,
mythological figures and running depictions of legendary tales. The huge
southern gopuram has over 1500 sculptures! The temple is dedicated to
Shiva and Meenakshi, an earthly incarnation of his wife Parvati, who was
born to the childless ruler after many a prayer.
The Temple Museum is at the 'thousand–
pillared hall’ where each of the 985 pillars are carved in great detail.
5 km east of the temple is the Mariamman Teppakulum tank where the
annual Float Festival is held in January. The Shiva Meenakshi idols are
taken out of the temples and float on decorated rafts for several days
before returning.
Entry into the sanctum sanctorum of the
Shiva temple is restricted to Hindus, and in the Meenakshi temple to
Hindu women.
The Chitirai Festival in April/May sees
the idols being taken around on their chariots in celebration of the
divine marriage. The zestful thumping of drums or nadaswarams
accompanies the procession.
When to go
The summer months should be avoided though the temperature averages only
about 37°C. The winter months are cooler: the maximum temperature is
about 29°C. The Chittirai Festival is held in April/May, so it might be
wise if you are keen on seeing it, to time your visit accordingly.
Getting there and around
Madurai has a domestic teminus with daily flights from Chennai,
Bangalore, Tiruchirapalli and Mumbai. Rail connections are available
from Chennai (8 hrs) and Rameswaram (6 hrs.) Madurai is also very well
connected by road. Rent a car or use your own to drive in. Private and
state-run buses ply regularly from all major cities in Tamil Nadu.
Public transportation in Madurai consists of local
buses and the ubiquitous cycle and auto rickshaws. One can also rent a
car or hire a taxi.
Accommodation
There are several reasonably priced clean places to stay in along Town
Hall Road and Dindigul Road. The bigger hotels, and there are some
pretty good national chains which have deluxe hotels here, are across
the Vaigai River to its northern side.
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Golden Temple
The city of
Amritsar was built around the Golden Temple and the Amrit Sarovar lake,
from which it derives its name. Surrounded by a fortified wall with
eighteen gates, the temple complex has its main north entrance under a
Victorian clock tower known as the Darshani Deori. The entrance is up a
flight of steps and down again to the temple and holy tank.
The Golden Temple sits on a rectangular
platform in the centre of the Amrit Sarovar. It is surrounded by a white
marble corridor, through which pilgrims visiting the shrine walk,
circumnavigating the temple. A narrow causeway links the Harmandir, or
Darbar Sahib, as the temple is also called. The entrance to the temple
is through an ornate archway with intricate inlay work, inscribed with
verses from the Granth Sahib.
The temple building is three storeys high
and is crowned with a dome shaped like an inverted lotus. The lower
storey is in white marble, while the two upper storeys have gold
plating. The temple has four entrances instead of the usual single
entry, symbolic of the openness of Sikhism and the fact that followers
of all faiths are welcome here. The walls within are decorated with
carved wooden panels and elaborate inlay work in silver and gold. The
Adi Granth, compiled by Guru Arjan Dev, rests on a throne beneath a
jewel-encrusted canopy. Priests continuously recite verses from the holy
book in 3-hour shifts. A complete reading of the text takes 48 hours.
The Akal Takht, next to the Golden
Temple, is the seat of the Shiromani Gurudwara Prabandhak Committee, the
religious governing body of the Sikhs. The building of the Akal Takht
was begun by Guru Arjan Dev and completed in 1609 by Guru Hargobind. The
Adi Granth is housed in the Akal Takht and is taken out in procession
every morning to be placed at the Harmandir, and is brought back to the
Akal Takht at night.
Shrines on the northern edge of the
corridor are venerated as the 68 holy shrines of the Hindus. According
to the teachings of Guru Arjan Dev, it was enough for the devout to
visit these shrines and not visit all the original Hindu shrines which
are distributed across India. Many of these shrines have now been
converted into a martyr’s gallery showing the gruesome history of the
Sikhs. Around the Parikrama, or pathway, are four rectangular cubicles
where Granthis (priests) sit and recite the Granth Sahib. Pilgrims leave
offerings at the steps, and can also get the holy book recited in their
names for a donation.
The Jubi tree, at the northwestern corner
of the complex, was planted some 450 years ago by the temple’s first
head priest. The old, gnarled tree is believed to have special powers
and childless women tie strips of cloth on it to be blessed with sons.
Marriage deals are also fixed under the tree, though this practice is
disapproved of by the temple authorities.
Getting there and around
As the religious capital of Punjab-and one of India’s most important
cities- Amritsar is well connected by plane, train and road to the rest
of the country. Amritsar’s Rajasansi Airport has air links to Delhi,
Srinagar and Chandigarh; the local train station has regular trains to
most major cities in the country.
In addition to air and rail connections,
Amritsar also has frequent bus services from cities and towns both
within Punjab as well as in other states. Besides this, there’s a bus
service from Lahore (35 km away), the only overland service between
India and Pakistan.
Within the city, rented cars, taxis,
local buses, unmetered auto-rickshaws and cycle rickshaws can be used
for transport.
When to go
The Golden Temple, and the city of Amritsar itself, are best visited in
the winter. The months between November and March are pleasant (even
cold), although the summer can get blisteringly hot.
Accommodation and other facilities
Amritsar has a number of mid-range and luxury hotels- the latter mainly
along Mall Road. There are smaller guesthouses too, and a youth hostel
which houses the Punjab Tourism Development Corporation office. Besides
these, there is accommodation at the Golden Temple itself; the Guru Ram
Das and Guru Nanak hostels on one side of the complex offer free
accommodation up to three nights for visitors.
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Basilica of Bom Jesus
9 km
east of Panaji, along the Mandovi river, lies the town of Old Goa, once
the centre of power for the Portuguese in India and the Far East. Old
Goa was virtually abandoned in 1843, when the capital was shifted to
Panaji. All that remains now is a handful of cathedrals and churches, a
monastery and a convent. But, deserted though this area may be, it isn’t
forgotten- and here, among the ruins of an empire, lie some of India’s
greatest churches- and among the best known of them is the Basilica of
Bom Jesus. The Basilica is a World Heritage monument, and next to it is
the Professed House- the `Casa Professa’ of the Jesuits. An impressive
edifice with a façade of black granite, the Professed House was built in
the late 16th century and is linked to the Basilica by a colonnaded
arcade.
Renowned throughout the Catholic world,
the 16th century cathedral of Bom Jesus (`Good Jesus’ or `Infant Jesus’)
has beautifully gilded altars and is decorated with frescoes and inlay
work. The church was India’s first Minor Basilica, and is considered one
of the best examples of baroque architecture in India. It’s an opulent
structure which incorporates white marble, and is best known for the
tomb of St Francis Xavier, which it houses. The embalmed body of the
saint, who died in 1552, was gifted to the church by Cosimo de Medici
III, Grand Duke of Tuscany. Today, the body lies in an airtight glass
coffin positioned in a silver casket crafted by a 17th century
Florentine jeweller.
Till some years back, the body of St
Xavier was ritually exposed- in its coffin- once every decade, to allow
pilgrims to view it. The saint is believed to have miraculous powers of
healing, and pilgrims would come from all over the country to offer
prayers. The prayers and the pilgrimages still continue, although church
authorities have decided not to display the body any more, to guard
against deterioration.
When to go
Goa is best visited in the winter, between October and March, when the
weather’s pleasant. December, especially, is a good time to visit the
Basilica of Bom Jesus; special ceremonies to honour St Xavier are held
on December 3.
The Basilica is open to visitors from 9
am to 6.30 pm on weekdays and from 10 am to 6.30 pm on Sundays. Masses
are held at 8 am and 9.15 am on Sunday and at 7 am and 8 am on weekdays.
Getting There
Goa, thanks to its popularity as a tourist destination, has plenty of
connections to the rest of India. The domestic airport at Dabolim (30 km
from Panaji) has frequent flights from Mumbai, Chennai, Delhi, Bangalore
and Kochi, besides chartered flights from overseas. The two railway
stations- at Vasco da Gama and Margao- also have a number of trains
arriving at Goa from the rest of the country. In addition to that, there
are bus networks which connect the state to other cities and towns in
Western and Southern India.
From Panaji- or any other place in Goa,
for that matter- there are excellent bus connections to Old Goa.
Alternately, you can hire a car or take a taxi, including the
interesting motorbike taxis.
Accommodation
The possibilities for accommodation in Goa are virtually limitless,
stretching all the way from snazzy resorts and upmarket hotels to
affordable guesthouses, cottages and local inns. Budget options include
dormitories and hostels, or homestays, which can be a great way to see
Goa up close. The only thing to keep in mind is that Goa’s immense
popularity makes accommodation scarce during the peak season; book well
in advance.
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Ajmer Sharif
Ajmer is
venerated as a holy place for both Hindus and Muslims. It has the
mausoleum of the Sufi saint, Khwaja Moinuddin Chishti, whose blessings
are eagerly sought by pilgrims to his dargah. Known as the ‘Dargah
Sharif’, the last resting place of the saint who died in 1235 lies at
the foot of a barren hill. The saint’s marble domed mausoleum is India’s
most important shrine for Muslims and receives an endless flow of
visitors of all religions as the sick, the troubled and the childless
come here seeking a boon, a blessing or just peace of mind. Legend has
it that the Mughal emperor, Akbar came here to the saint in the 16th
century in quest of a boon for an heir and the saint obliged.
The Urs or annual pilgrimage of the
devout is celebrated each May at the Dargah with millions of pilgrims
arriving in Ajmer to pay homage. Lengthy queues of several kilometres
snake their way past the tomb at the shrine while outside the Dargah
precincts, two massive cauldrons cook sweet rice garnished with dry
fruits and condiments to be served as ‘tabarukh’ or sanctified food.
Within the dargah lies a mosque, built by the Mughal Emperor Shah Jahan.
Like all of Shah Jahan’s buildings, the mosque too, is an architectural
marvel - a magnificent building in white marble with a long and narrow
courtyard for the faithful to pray in, richly embellished with ornate
calligraphic inscriptions, delicate carvings and detailed trelliswork.
Getting there and around
Although Ajmer does not have an airport of its own, there is an airport
at Jaipur (130 km away), from where regular buses and taxis come to
Ajmer.
Ajmer is very well linked by train; there
are frequent (in many cases daily) trains to and from the city to other
destinations in India, including Delhi, Mumbai and Jaipur. Delhi is
connected to Ajmer by the fast Shatabdi Express, easily the quickest and
most comfortable way of getting to Ajmer.
A good national and state highway network links Ajmer
to other parts of Rajasthan and many important cities in India. Hired
transport is easily available, be it cars, jeeps, minibuses or MUVs and
almost all come with experienced drivers. State and interstate roadways
buses, RTDC conducted tours and coaches connect Ajmer to most important
cities in the region, including Ahmedabad, Jaipur, Udaipur, Jodhpur,
Bikaner, Mt. Abu, Jaisalmer, Mumbai and Delhi.
Within the city, rented cars, local
buses, auto-rickshaws and cycle rickshaws are the means of transport
available.
When to go
The best time to visit the Dargah is during the annual Urs of
Moinuddin Chishti in May. Even if you’re unable to make it to Ajmer for
the Urs, time your visit for the winter instead- summer all across
Rajasthan means hot, dry weather which can take some getting used to.
Winters are much more pleasant and comfortable.
Accommodation and other
facilities
There is a wide variety of hotel accommodation for travellers to Ajmer
to choose from - deluxe, standard and economy, depending on the budget
and choice of hotel. A heritage hotel will cost more than a deluxe while
RTDC provides decent, clean accommodation at reasonable prices albeit
with few frills.
The Tourist Office will be able to assist those
travellers looking for paying guest accommodation with local families.
Hotels are booked to capacity during the Urs in May, so make sure you
have reservations done well ahead of time.
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To find out more write to us at
medicaltravel@chettinadhealthcity.com |
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